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Hepatitis is a viral infection of the liver. The Hepatitis Panel detects hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infections. This comprehensive profile for HAV, HBV and HCV can be used to diagnose all stages of infection. It is important to identify the type of hepatitis virus causing infection so that the spread of infection can be prevented and the proper treatment can be determined. This test includes hepatitis A antibody, IgM; hepatitis B core antibody, IgM; hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis C virus antibody.

This test is used to help monitor and diagnose sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder that causes granulomas and affects the lungs most commonly, but can also affect the skin, heart, nerves and more. Increased amounts of ACE are sometimes secreted on the outside of granulomas. Granulomas can be found in leprosy and tuberculosis.

This test is used to isolate and identify potentially pathogenic organisms causing bacteremia(bacteria in the blood stream). A blood culture is useful in determining a systemic infection. Infections in the blood are most commonly caused by bacteria, but can also be caused by yeast or other fungus or virus. This test requires special instructions and may require more than one venipuncture depending on the particular clinical condition you are evaluating. Please consult your health care provider or call 1-888-GET-LABS for special instructions.

This test is used to establish evidence of infection and/or exposure to Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. Pertussis is highly contagious and complications can lead to encephalitis, seizures, or pneumonia. Individuals with an acute infection develop IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies to fimbrial agglutinogens, and IgM and IgA antibodies are probably diagnostic. Following vaccination, IgG and IgM antibodies can be demonstrated, except in infants. Those at the highest risk for pertussis are children that are too young to be vaccinated for it or those who have not completed the series of vaccinations yet.

This test will detect IgG antibodies to Brucella abortus. This bacteria is the causative organism for the condition, Brucellosis. Individuals become infected with brucellosis by coming in contact with infected animals or animal products that have been contaminated by this bacteria. The three most common methods of transmission to humans is by eating or drinking something that is infected with the bacteria, inhalation of the bacteria, or having the bacteria enter through skin wounds. This test uses enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the antibodies in human sera.

This test will detect IgM antibodies to Brucella abortus. This bacteria is the causative organism for the condition, Brucellosis. Individuals become infected with brucellosis by coming in contact with infected animals or animal products that have been contaminated by this bacteria. The three most common methods of transmission to humans is by eating or drinking something that is infected with the bacteria, inhalation of the bacteria, or having the bacteria enter through skin wounds. This test uses enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the antibodies in human sera.

This test is used to diagnose systemic candidiasis. Candida(a fungus) normally occur in the mouth, vagina, and GI tract of many individuals. However, in an individual with a weakened immune system candida is able to grow and thus cause an infection. This test has a limited sensitivity of 50%.

This test provides a complete blood count along with an added test to diagnose an illness affecting your immune system, such as an infection, or diseases that affect your white blood cells, such as leukemias and platelet test to determine your risk for bleeding. This test is generally used to check an individual's overall health. Test includes: Hematocrit; hemoglobin; mean corpuscular volume (MCV); mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH); mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC); red cell distribution width (RDW); percentage and absolute differential counts; platelet count (RBC); red cell count; white blood cell count (WBC).

This test measures the number of CD4 cells (also known as T-helper cells) in your blood and assesses the status of your immune system. CD4 cells are a type of white blood cell that fight infection, and they play an important role in your immune system. CD4 cells are made in the spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus gland, and they circulate throughout the body in the bloodstream. CD4 cells are a major target for HIV, which binds to the surface of CD4 cells, enters them, and either reproduces immediately, killing them in the process, or remains in a resting state, reproducing later. As the HIV virus gets into the cell and replicates, the number of CD4 cells in the blood gradually declines. As HIV disease progresses, the CD4 count will go down and as treatment reduces the progression, the CD4 count will go back up. Test includes: Percentage of CD3+CD4+; absolute CD3+CD4+ (helper/inducer); absolute lymphocyte count; CBC.

The Chlamydia and Gonorrhea urine test utilizes nucleic acid amplification technology to check for the presence of either of these two types of bacteria in your urine. Unlike other tests for these bacteria, a urethral or vaginal swab is NOT required. Such invasive swabs can be painful and uncomfortable. Only a urine sample is needed, and you can provide this specimen discreetly at the laboratory's client service center. The CDC (Centers for Disease Control) has recognized this fact and states that this amplified test is the preferred test (Reference: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines 2002, MMWR 2002, 51; No. RR-6). Chlamydai and Gonorrhea are the two most commonly reported STD's in the United States. Avoid urination for at least one hour prior to giving specimen.

Aid in the diagnosis of chlamydial infection; assay detects group-specific IgG antibodies to C trachomatis, C pneumoniae, and C psittaci.

Diagnose possible chlamydial infection.

This test is to detect Chlamydia trachomatis.

Evaluate electrolytes, acid-base balance, water balance. Chloride generally increases and decreases with plasma or serum sodium. Chloride is increased in dehydration, with ammonium chloride administration, with renal tubular acidosis (hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis) and with excessive infusion of normal saline. Differential diagnosis of acidemias and alkalemias. Chloride is higher in hyperparathyroidism than in some of the other causes of hypercalcemia, but a great deal of overlap exists. Chloride is decreased with overhydration, congestive failure, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH, vomiting, gastric suction, chronic respiratory acidosis, Addison disease, salt-losing nephritis, burns, metabolic alkalosis, and in some instances of diuretic therapy.

This test is used to diagnose coccidioidomycosis, which is a fungal disease, mostly found in the Southwestern United States. Also known as Valley Fever, it is most commonly contracted from the soil where this fungus grows. It can also be contracted from inhaling the spores.

This test is used to aid in establishing the presence of Cryptococcus neoformans infection. The cryptococcal antigen test is positive in about 85% to 90% of cryptococcal meningitis. Its sensitivity reaches 95% in patients with AIDS. Cryptococcus neoformans is most commonly found in bird droppings and dirt.

This test will assess immunity against tetanus and diptheria by determining levels of circulating antibodies. This test can be used to measure the immune response, postvaccination,and in individuals suspected of immunodeficiency disorders. Diptheria is a respiratory disease caused by bacteria that is transmitted through coughing or sneezing. Tetanus is a disease of the central nervous system that is contracted by a break in the skin.

This test will measure levels of the EBV antibodies in the blood stream. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is a member of the herpes virus family and can cause infectious mononucleosis. EBV is a very common disease that most persons will acquire during their lifetime. This test is also performed when an asymptomatic person has been exposed to mononucleosis.

This test is used for the measurement of specific IgG antibodies against Haemophilus influenzae. HIB is the organism that causes a wide range of in infections in children under 5 years of age. The most serious conditions include meningitis, epiglottis, pneumonia and septic arthritis. Therefore the measurement of these antibodies will help to determine immunity to this organism after appropriate immunizations.

This test is used for the differential diagnosis of hepatitis. The presence of IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus is good evidence for acute hepatitis A. IgM antibody develops within a week of symptom onset, peaks in three months, and is usually gone after six months. The virus is found in contaminated water and feces. Hepatitis A does not produce a chronic infection.

This test is used in the differential diagnosis of hepatitis or in conjunction with anti-HAV, IgM to confirm immunity to hepatitis A. Measures both IgG and IgM forms of the antibody. Does not differentiate between these two forms. Hepatitis A antibody of IgG type is indicative of old infection and is found in almost 50% of adults.

The IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen is a reliable marker for acute disease for a hepatitis B viral infection. At times this marker is the only one demonstrated for the diagnosis of a hepatitis B viral infection.

There are several tests used to detect the presence of Hepatitis B antibodies. The Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) is the most common test. Its presence indicates previous exposure to HBV, but the virus is no longer present and the person cannot pass on the virus to others. The antibody also protects the body from future HBV infection. In addition to exposure to HBV, the antibodies can also be acquired from successful vaccination. This test is done to determine the need for vaccination (if anti-HBs is absent), or following the completion of vaccination against the disease, or following an active infection.

Hepatitis B surface antigen is the earliest indicator of the presence of acute infection. Also indicative of chronic infection. Test is useful in the differential diagnosis of hepatitis. Patients who are negative for HBsAg may still have acute type B viral hepatitis. There is sometimes a ”core window” stage when HBsAg has become negative and the patient has not yet developed the antibody (anti-HBs). On such occasions, both tests for anti-HBc are usually positive and anti-HBc, IgM is the only specific marker for the diagnosis of acute infection with hepatitis B. In cases with strong clinical suspicion of viral hepatitis, serologic testing should not be limited to detecting HBsAg, but should include a battery of tests to evaluate different stages of acute and convalescent hepatitis.

This test is used to quantitate the Hepatitis B Virus. The HBV real-time PCR, quantitative assay has a quantitative range of 29 to 110,000,000 IU/mL (168 to 640,200,000 copies/mL).

This test is used to detect HBV DNA in serum or plasma.

This test is used quantify or measure the viral load in the blood of an individual with Hepatitis B.

Hepatitis C is a virus that can infect and damage the liver. Hepatitis C antibody is produced in the body in response to exposure to the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). The most common test for HCV looks for these antibodies in your blood.

This blood test is used to assess exposure to Hepatitis C. This test is also used to test units of blood for transfusion safety.

This test is used to detect and confirm hepatitis C virus infection.

This test is used for the quantitation of hepatitis C virus with reflex to HCV genotype if viral load is >600 IU/mL. The HCV QuantaSure™ Plus assay has a quantitative range of 10 IU/mL to 100,000,000 IU/mL.

This test is used to detect IgG antibodies specific to Herpes Simplex Virus 2. It can be helpful to confirm or rule out a possible infection with Herpes Simplex Virus 2. In an individual with no history of clinical lesions a positive result may be indicative that the primary infection was asymptomatic. Once infected by HSV, it is possible for an individual to shed virus without the development of lesions (asymptomatic shedding). This test does not indicate the site of HSV infection. This assay is highly scientific and is based on glycoprotein G-2, purified from HSV 2 infected cells, and therefore highly specific for HSV 2 antibodies. Therfore a positive test is highly likely of an exposure to or infection with the Herpes Simplex Virus 2.

This test is used to detect IgG antibodies to either HSV 1 and/or HSV 2. If an individual is looking to differentiate between HSV 1 and HSV 2 this is the study that should be completed. If the initial result for this test is positive, then a confirmation test is made between HSV 1 and/or HSV 2. Conventional HSV 1 and HSV 2 assays cannot differentiate HSV 1 from HSV 2 infection due to the extensive likeness of viral antigens. The Herpes Simplex type-specific IgG assay is highly sensitive and specific and will not detect antibodies to the other HSV type. Therefore an individual will be able to indentify which particular Herpes Simplex Virus they were exposed to or infected with.

This blood test will provide helpful information regarding recent exposure to Herpes Simplex virus Type 1/2. This virus is associated with clinical conditions such cold sores/fever blisters or herpes genitalis.

This test is used for confirmation of positive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) test results for HIV-1.

This test has been found to be 99.9% accurate in detecting the presence of HIV at 28 or more days after infection. It can be used earlier to detect HIV but the accuracy before 28 days is not known. HIV infects certain white blood cells called CD4+ cells, which are part of the body's immune system.

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). HIV is a contagious disease that may spread when the blood and bodily fluids of an infected person come into contact with broken skin or mucous membranes of an uninfected person. HIV infects certain white blood cells called CD4+ cells, which are part of the body's immune system. The HIV-1 Antibodies test is appropriate for exposure at least 6 months prior to testing. Abnormal results may require further evaluation by your health care provider. For concerns regarding a more recent exposure and possible infection we refer you to PersonaLabs Recent STD Exposure Panel.

Used for the differential diagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections.

This test detects IgM specific antibodies against Human Herpes Virus Type 6 in human serum. IgM specific antibodies typically appear 3 to 10 days following infection. The antibodies are usually cleared from the individual within 3 months.

This test is used to detect antibodies for specific for Borrelia burgdorferi. Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent for Lyme Disease. This test provides both IgM and IgG Western blot results. There is increased specificity that reduces cross-reactivity from other spirochetes. The sensitivity of a Western blot assay by itself is not sufficient to assess Lyme infection adequately therefore both the EIA and Western blot tests should be performed.

This test aids in the diagnosis of acute and later stages Lyme disease. Lyme disease is an infection caused by the bite of an infected tick. Borrelia burgdorferi is the bacteria found in this tick that causes Lyme disease. symptoms associated with Lyme disease may include arthritis-like joint pain, fever, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, and stiff neck.

This test is used to determine immunity to mumps virus.

This test is intended to be used as an aid in the diagnosis of genital infections caused by Mycoplasma sp and Ureaplasma urealyticum.

This test is to aid in the diagnosis of both latent and active infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This organism is the causative agent for Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (M tuberculosis, M bovis, and M africanum). In the US, tuberculosis is relatively uncommon, due to public health efforts; however, latent TB infection, which is a noncommunicable asymptomatic condition, is more common. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) results when a person becomes exposed to M tuberculosis and their body controls, but does not eradicate the infection. The QuantiFERON®-TB Gold assay has been approved by the FDA as an in vitro test to aid in the diagnosis of M tuberculosis infection. In the past, the tuberculin skin test (TST or Mantoux reaction) was the only method for assessing TB infection. Although widely used, the TST had a number of limitations that have been addressed in the QuantiFERON®-TB Gold assay. In addition this test is more objective than the tuberculin skin test(TST).

This test is used to determine if you have sufficient rubella (German Measles) antibodies to protect you from the rubella virus; to verify a past infection or detect a recent infection. We measure the presence of rubella antibodies in the blood. Antibodies are proteins that the body creates in response to an infection or exposure to a microorganism or other foreign substance. Rubella antibodies are produced in response to an infection by the rubella virus.

This test is used to determine if you have sufficient rubeola (measles) antibodies to protect you from the rubeola virus; to verify a past infection or detect a recent infection. We measure the presence of rubeola antibodies in the blood. Antibodies are proteins that the body creates in response to an infection or exposure to a microorganism or other foreign substance. Rubeola antibodies are produced in response to an infection by the rubeola virus.

This test is used to detect bacterial pathogenic organisms in the stool; it will aid in the diagnosis of typhoid fever, enteric fever, bacillary dysentery, and/or Salmonella infection. Indications for stool culture include one or several of the following symptoms; bloody diarrhea, fever, recent travel to a third world country with stool changes, and know exposure to a diarrheal illness or food borne illness.

This stool test is used to isolate and identify an infection caused by the Vibrio bacterial species. This test is separate for a rountine "Stool Culture" because special methods are required to culture and test this organism.

This stool test is used to isolate and identify an infection caused by the Yersinia enterocolitica bacterial species. This test is separate for a rountine "Stool Culture" because special methods are required to culture and test this organism.

This stool test is used to detect an intestinal infection due to certain parasitic organisms. It should be noted that there are certain parasites commonly identified in the stool of AIDS patients include Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia. This routine ova and parasite study does test for this organism. If these test are requested please contact: 1-888-GET-LABS.

This test is used to test for and confirm Syphilis. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the bacterium Treponema Pallidum. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported over 32,000 cases of syphilis in 2002. If the results are positive, a second test to confirm will be performed.

This test is used to detect abnormal substances or cellular material in the urine. Clinical conditions involving the urinary tract and/or treatment options can be made using a urinalysis.

This test is used to identify specific organisms that may cause an acute urinary tract infection. A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection that affects any part of the urinary tract. Although urine contains a variety of fluids, salts, and waste products, it usually does not have bacteria in it. When bacteria get into the bladder or kidney and multiply in the urine, they cause a UTI. The most common type of UTI is a bladder infection which is also often called cystitis.

This test is used to determine if you have sufficient Varicella-Zoster (Chicken Pox) antibodies to protect you from the Varicella Virus; to verify a past infection or detect a recent infection. We measure the presence of varicella antibodies in the blood. Antibodies are proteins that the body creates in response to an infection or exposure to a microorganism or other foreign substance. Varicella antibodies are produced in response to an infection by the Varicella Virus.

This test is used as an aid to the diagnosis of West Nile virus encephalitis.